Everything about Battle Of Rosillo Creek totally explained
The Battle of Rosillo Creek, also sometimes referred to as the battle of Rosalis, was on an open prairie in
Coahuila y Tejas on
March 29,
1813, during the
Mexican War of Independence. The battlefield is located in what is today
Bexar County, Texas, in the
United States, near the confluence of
Rosillo Creek and
Salado Creeks, nine miles southeast of
San Antonio (San Antonio del Bejar).
The Combatants
The battle was fought between the Republican Army of the North, which was led by
Bernardo Gutiérrez de Lara,
Samuel Kemper, and Augustus Magee. And the
Spanish Royalist force which was commanded by
Manuel María de Salcedo, the
Governor of
Texas, and Simon de Herrera, the
Governor of
Nuevo León.
Background
In
1812, the Republican Army of the North, composed of Anglo-
Americans,
Mexicans and Indians, and numbering about 900 men, with
Samuel Kemper, who had also been involved in the
1804 rebellion in
Florida, along with some help from the
United States, crossed over from
Louisiana into Texas. Flying a green flag, they captured the town of
Nacogdoches on
August 7,
1812.
The Republican Army of the North then marched to
Goliad, where they laid
siege to
Presidio La Bahia from
November 7,
1812, to
February 19,
1813, when the
Royalist Army retreated back to San Antonio.
The Battle
In March 1813, the Royalist Army, numbering about 1,500 men, ambushed the Republican Army as they searched for food along the banks of Rosillo Creek in what is today Southeastern Bexar County, Texas. The main body of the Royalist Army was entrenched in the
Oak forest that lined Rosillo Creek, but the soldiers of the Republican Army had caught sight of the Royalist Army and they defeated them in a battle that lasted a little over an hour. When the battle was over the Republican Army had killed between 100 and 330 men of the Royalist Army and had captured most of their arms and ammunition, including six cannons, and 1,500 horses and mules while they only lost six of their own men in the battle.
Aftermath
After the battle, the Royalist Army retreated back to San Antonio. They signed a truce with Kemper on
April 1,
1813, and surrendered both Salcedo and Herrera to the Republican Army.
On
April 3,
1813, the Republican Army marched Salcedo, Herrera, and twelve other prisoners back to the battle site on Rosillo Creek where they were executed.
On
April 6,
1813, the Republican Army drafted a declaration of independence which established the first
Republic of Texas. A Republic which only lasted until
August 18 1813, when the Republican Army was defeated at the
Battle of Medina.
Nine years after the Battle of Rosillo Creek,
José Félix Trespalacios, the first Mexican Governor of Texas, returned to the battle site on Rosillo Creek, and buried the remains of the men of the Spanish Royalist Army beneath a large oak tree and then carved a large cross on the tree.
Location
The battle site is near the present day intersection of W. W. White and Hildebrandt streets in Southeastern Bexar County, Texas.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Battle Of Rosillo Creek'.
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